Proverbs 27:19
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 27:19
19 As in water face answereth to face, so the heart of man to man.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 27 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of love, holiness, truth. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-27: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 27:19
19 As in water face answereth to face, so the heart of man to man.
Analysis
As in water face answereth to face (כַּמַּיִם הַפָּנִים לַפָּנִים, kamayim hapanim lapanim)—the simile of water as mirror employs the ancient practice of seeing one's reflection in still water before polished metal mirrors became common. The Hebrew פָּנִים (panim, 'face') also carries connotations of presence, countenance, and inner disposition.
So the heart of man to man (כֵּן לֵב־הָאָדָם לָאָדָם, ken lev-ha'adam la'adam)—the לֵב (lev, 'heart') in Hebrew encompasses mind, will, emotions, and moral character. This proverb reveals the profound truth of human interconnectedness: we know ourselves through relationships. Iron sharpens iron (Proverbs 27:17); water reflects water; hearts reveal hearts.
Historical Context
Before glass mirrors (invented around 1st century AD), people saw their reflections in polished bronze, copper, or still pools of water. The clarity of self-knowledge paralleled the quality of reflection. This proverb dates from Solomon's era (10th century BC) when such reflections were common experiences.
Reflection
- Who in your life serves as a 'mirror' reflecting your true character back to you?
- What does your response to others reveal about the condition of your own heart?
- How does community and fellowship help you see yourself more clearly before God?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Genesis 6:5, Psalms 33:15, Mark 7:21