Proverbs 20:2
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 20:2
2 The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: whoso provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own soul.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 20 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of discipleship, grace, righteousness. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-30: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it illustrates divine judgment and mercy in response to human actions. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 20:2
2 The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: whoso provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own soul.
Analysis
A king's wrath is like 'the roaring of a lion,' and provoking him 'sinneth against his own soul.' The Hebrew 'naham' (roaring) evokes terror—a lion's roar before attack. To anger the king is suicidal folly. This teaches respect for authority and caution in approaching power. Reformed theology recognizes that God establishes governing authorities (Romans 13:1), and while we must obey God over man when they conflict, we should approach earthly rulers with prudence and respect. Unnecessarily provoking authorities is foolish and sinful.
Historical Context
Ancient Near Eastern monarchs held absolute power over subjects' lives. Provoking royal anger could result in immediate execution. This proverb counseled careful, respectful interaction with those who held life-and-death authority.
Reflection
- How do you balance respect for authorities with prophetic truth-telling when necessary?
- In what ways might you be unnecessarily provoking conflict with those in authority?
- What does prudent respect for governing authorities look like in contemporary society?
Cross-References
- Kingdom: Proverbs 19:12, 1 Kings 2:23
- Sin: Proverbs 8:36
- Parallel theme: Ecclesiastes 10:4, Hosea 11:10