Proverbs 20:2

Authorized King James Version

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The fear of a king is as the roaring of a lion: whoso provoketh him to anger sinneth against his own soul.

Original Language Analysis

נַ֣הַם is as the roaring H5099
נַ֣הַם is as the roaring
Strong's: H5099
Word #: 1 of 7
a snarl
כַּ֭כְּפִיר of a lion H3715
כַּ֭כְּפִיר of a lion
Strong's: H3715
Word #: 2 of 7
a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)
אֵ֣ימַת The fear H367
אֵ֣ימַת The fear
Strong's: H367
Word #: 3 of 7
fright; concrete, an idol (as a bugbear)
מֶ֑לֶךְ of a king H4428
מֶ֑לֶךְ of a king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 4 of 7
a king
מִ֝תְעַבְּר֗וֹ whoso provoketh him to anger H5674
מִ֝תְעַבְּר֗וֹ whoso provoketh him to anger
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 5 of 7
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
חוֹטֵ֥א sinneth H2398
חוֹטֵ֥א sinneth
Strong's: H2398
Word #: 6 of 7
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ against his own soul H5315
נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ against his own soul
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

Analysis & Commentary

A king's wrath is like 'the roaring of a lion,' and provoking him 'sinneth against his own soul.' The Hebrew 'naham' (roaring) evokes terror—a lion's roar before attack. To anger the king is suicidal folly. This teaches respect for authority and caution in approaching power. Reformed theology recognizes that God establishes governing authorities (Romans 13:1), and while we must obey God over man when they conflict, we should approach earthly rulers with prudence and respect. Unnecessarily provoking authorities is foolish and sinful.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern monarchs held absolute power over subjects' lives. Provoking royal anger could result in immediate execution. This proverb counseled careful, respectful interaction with those who held life-and-death authority.

Questions for Reflection