Matthew 5:19
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Matthew 5:19
19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
Chapter Context
Matthew 5 is a ethical teaching chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of prayer, fellowship, obedience. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-90 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christianity was separating from Judaism following Jerusalem's destruction.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-48: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it presents Jesus' ethical teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Matthew and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Matthew 5:19
19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
Analysis
Jesus affirms the permanent authority of God's Law while warning against antinomianism. Breaking even 'least commandments' and teaching others to do so results in diminished status in the Kingdom. Greatness comes through obedience and faithful teaching, not through grace that ignores holiness.
Historical Context
Jewish teachers debated which commandments were 'heavy' (important) and 'light' (less important). Some used this distinction to minimize certain laws. Jesus rejects this selective obedience and affirms all of God's revelation matters.
Reflection
- Which of God's commands are you tempted to consider 'small' or optional?
- How does obedience to Scripture's 'least' commands demonstrate love for God?
Word Studies
- Heaven: οὐρανός (Ouranos) G3772 - Heaven, sky
Cross-References
- Kingdom: Matthew 11:11
- Word: Psalms 119:6, Romans 6:15
- Parallel theme: Matthew 28:20, Deuteronomy 12:32, Psalms 119:128, Daniel 12:3, Romans 6:1, Titus 3:8