Matthew 5:1
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Matthew 5:1
1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him:
Chapter Context
Matthew 5 is a ethical teaching chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of fellowship, salvation, redemption. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-90 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christianity was separating from Judaism following Jerusalem's destruction.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-48: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it presents Jesus' ethical teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Matthew and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Matthew 5:1
1 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain: and when he was set, his disciples came unto him:
Analysis
Jesus ascends a mountain to teach, deliberately evoking Moses on Sinai. However, Jesus speaks with His own authority as the divine Lawgiver, not merely as a prophet. The 'disciples' here include both the Twelve and a broader circle of followers. This sermon establishes the constitution and character of the Kingdom of Heaven.
Historical Context
Mountains held special significance in Jewish teaching tradition. Moses received the Law on Sinai, and rabbinic teachers often sat to deliver authoritative instruction. By teaching from a mountain, Jesus positions Himself as the new Moses giving the new covenant.
Reflection
- How does Jesus's authority to teach compare to human religious teachers and authorities?
- What does it mean that Jesus sat down to teach His disciples rather than addressing the crowds first?