Luke 7:37
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Luke 7:37
37 And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at meat in the Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster box of ointment,
Chapter Context
Luke 7 is a historical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of redemption, obedience, love. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-85 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christians needed to understand their place in the Roman world.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-50: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it reveals key aspects of God's character through divine actions and declarations. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Luke and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Luke 7:37
37 And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner, when she knew that Jesus sat at meat in the Pharisee's house, brought an alabaster box of ointment,
Analysis
A woman appears: 'And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner' (Greek 'gunē hētis ēn en tē polei hamartōlos'). The designation 'sinner' indicates notorious reputation—likely prostitute or adulteress. Her presence at a Pharisee's dinner was shocking—ritually unclean person in pure environment. That she knew where Jesus dined suggests His accessibility was known. She brought 'an alabaster box of ointment' (Greek 'alabastron murou')—expensive perfume in sealed stone container. Her preparation indicates planned action, not spontaneous impulse. Reformed theology sees here repentance's nature—genuine contrition drives to Christ regardless of social barriers. The woman's desperation overcame shame, propriety, and fear of rejection. Luke 15:2 records critics' complaint that Jesus 'receiveth sinners,' to which Jesus responds with parables of God's joy over repentant sinners.
Historical Context
Alabaster boxes held expensive perfumes—nard, myrrh, or spikenard. Breaking the sealed neck released fragrance for one-time use. Perfumes represented significant financial investment, sometimes a woman's dowry or life savings. This woman's use of expensive perfume demonstrates the costliness of genuine worship. Ancient Jewish culture strictly separated men and women; a woman of ill repute approaching men at dinner violated multiple social norms. Her boldness testified to desperation and faith. Early church welcomed converted prostitutes, showing gospel's transforming power.
Reflection
- What does the woman's disregard for social barriers teach about genuine repentance?
- How does her costly gift demonstrate authentic worship versus token religiosity?
- Why are those who recognize their great sin often more passionate worshipers than the 'respectable'?
Cross-References
- References Jesus: Matthew 21:31
- Resurrection: Luke 5:30
- Sin: Luke 5:32, 18:13, Romans 5:8, 1 Timothy 1:9, 1 Peter 4:18
- Parallel theme: John 11:2