Luke 20:23
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Luke 20:23
23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?
Chapter Context
Luke 20 is a historical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of fellowship, love, obedience. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-85 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christians needed to understand their place in the Roman world.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-47: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Luke and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Luke 20:23
23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?
Analysis
But he perceived their craftiness (κατανοήσας δὲ αὐτῶν τὴν πανουργίαν, katanoēsas de autōn tēn panοurgian)—the verb κατανοέω (katanoeō) means to discern thoroughly, perceive completely. Jesus sees through their πανουργία (panourgia), a term meaning cunning, trickery, unscrupulous cleverness—the same word Paul uses in 2 Corinthians 4:2 for shameful hidden ways.
Why tempt ye me? (τί με πειράζετε, ti me peirazete)—the verb πειράζω (peirazō) can mean 'test' or 'tempt.' They're not seeking wisdom but attempting to ensnare him, echoing Satan's temptations in the wilderness. Jesus's question exposes their motive before answering their substance—he refuses to play the rigged game.
Historical Context
Greek philosophical tradition distinguished between sophistry (clever but deceptive argument) and genuine wisdom. Jesus's exposure of their panourgia would resonate with educated audiences who valued philosophical honesty. Socrates similarly exposed sophists who used questions to trap rather than to teach.
Reflection
- How does Jesus's example teach us to address the motive behind a question before answering its content?
- When does legitimate testing cross into sinful tempting or entrapment?
- What spiritual gift allows discernment of craftiness versus genuine inquiry?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: 1 Corinthians 3:19