Luke 16:31
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Luke 16:31
31 And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead.
Chapter Context
Luke 16 is a historical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of righteousness, wisdom, salvation. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-85 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christians needed to understand their place in the Roman world.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-31: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Luke and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Luke 16:31
31 And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead.
Analysis
Abraham's final word: 'And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead.' This verse concludes the parable with devastating logic: those who reject Scripture ('Moses and the prophets') 'will not be persuaded' (οὐδὲ... πεισθήσονται, oude... peisthēsontai) even by resurrection. The condition 'if they hear not' (εἰ... οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, ei... ouk akouousin) means more than auditory reception—it means receiving with faith and obedience. The phrase 'though one rose from the dead' (ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ, ean tis ek nekrōn anastē) becomes ironic: Jesus would soon rise from the dead, yet many still refused to believe. This proves Abraham's point: the problem isn't insufficient evidence but hearts hardened against God.
Historical Context
This prophecy was fulfilled immediately after Jesus spoke it. Within months, Jesus would raise Lazarus from the dead (John 11), yet rather than believing, religious leaders plotted to kill both Jesus and Lazarus (John 11:47-53, 12:10-11). Then Jesus Himself rose from the dead, but guards were bribed to spread lies about disciples stealing the body (Matthew 28:11-15). Throughout Acts, resurrection proclamation produced both faith and fierce opposition—the same message resulted in conversion for some, hardened rejection for others. The difference wasn't evidence but the Holy Spirit's work in hearts. This passage teaches that apologetics has limits—intellectual arguments, historical evidences, and even miracles cannot overcome spiritual blindness. Only the gospel, empowered by the Spirit, can open blind eyes.
Reflection
- How was this prophecy fulfilled in response to Lazarus' raising and Jesus' resurrection?
- What are the limits of apologetics and evidence in producing genuine faith?
- How should this shape Christian evangelism—what role do arguments and evidences play?
Word Studies
- Prophet: προφήτης (Prophētēs) G4396 - Prophet
Cross-References
- Prophecy: Acts 28:23
- Parallel theme: Acts 19:8, 26:28, 2 Corinthians 4:3, 5:11