Job 4:13
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Job 4:13
13 In thoughts from the visions of the night, when deep sleep falleth on men,
Chapter Context
Job 4 is a wisdom dialogue chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of truth, sacrifice, obedience. Written during the patriarchal period (literary composition later), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient wisdom traditions often wrestled with the problem of suffering and divine justice.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-21: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Job and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Job 4:13
13 In thoughts from the visions of the night, when deep sleep falleth on men,
Analysis
Eliphaz claims special revelation: 'In thoughts from the visions of the night, when deep sleep falleth on men.' The Hebrew 'tardemah' (deep sleep) is the same word used for Adam's sleep (Genesis 2:21) and Abraham's deep sleep during the covenant (Genesis 15:12), suggesting divine revelation. Eliphaz claims his theology comes from God Himself, making it more difficult for Job to refute. This reveals how false teachers often claim special authority for their erroneous doctrines.
Historical Context
Dreams and night visions were recognized in the ancient Near East as potential vehicles for divine revelation. Eliphaz's claim to have received special revelation lends weight to his accusations in his cultural context.
Reflection
- How do you evaluate claims to special revelation that contradict Scripture's character of God?
- What tests should be applied to those who claim divine authority for their counsel?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Genesis 2:21, 15:12