Jeremiah 11:17
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Jeremiah 11:17
17 For the LORD of hosts, that planted thee, hath pronounced evil against thee, for the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah, which they have done against themselves to provoke me to anger in offering incense unto Baal.
Chapter Context
Jeremiah 11 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of covenant, discipleship, wisdom. Written during the final years of Judah and early exile (c. 627-580 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Prophesied during Judah's final years as Babylon became the dominant power.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-23: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Jeremiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Jeremiah 11:17
17 For the LORD of hosts, that planted thee, hath pronounced evil against thee, for the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah, which they have done against themselves to provoke me to anger in offering incense unto Baal.
Analysis
This verse explains the fire: 'For the LORD of hosts, that planted thee, hath pronounced evil against thee, for the evil of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah, which they have done against themselves to provoke me to anger in offering incense unto Baal.' God who 'planted' (nata) Israel now pronounces judgment (ra'ah). The phrase 'done against themselves' (le'hem, for themselves) indicates self-destructive sin—they harm themselves by provoking God. 'Offering incense unto Baal' (leqatter laBa'al) specifies the offense: idolatrous worship. The title 'LORD of hosts' (YHWH Tseva'oth) emphasizes divine military power to execute judgment. Both houses—Israel and Judah—share guilt for Baal worship spanning centuries.
Historical Context
The dual mention of Israel and Judah connects the northern kingdom's past judgment (722 BC) with Judah's approaching doom. Despite witnessing Israel's destruction for Baal worship, Judah persisted in the same sins. The phrase 'done against themselves' appears also in Jeremiah 7:19, emphasizing that sin is ultimately self-destructive—harming the sinner more than God.
Reflection
- How is sin simultaneously an offense against God and self-destructive harm to the sinner?
- What does God's role as both Planter and Pronouncer of judgment reveal about His comprehensive sovereignty?
Word Studies
- Lord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai) H3068 - The LORD / Lord
Cross-References
- Evil: Jeremiah 19:15
- Parallel theme: Jeremiah 2:21, 12:2, Isaiah 5:2