Isaiah 44:28
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Isaiah 44:28
28 That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
Chapter Context
Isaiah 44 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, discipleship, redemption. Written during the Assyrian and pre-exilic periods (c. 740-680 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Addressed Judah during Assyria's rise, Babylon's threat, and anticipated restoration.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-28: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Isaiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Isaiah 44:28
28 That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.
Analysis
The chapter climaxes with the astonishing prophecy: 'That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure.' A Persian pagan king is called God's shepherd! God declares Cyrus will say to Jerusalem 'Thou shalt be built' and to the temple 'Thy foundation shall be laid.' This specific prediction, 150 years before Cyrus's birth, demonstrates divine foreknowledge.
Historical Context
Cyrus conquered Babylon in 539 BC and issued a decree allowing Jewish return and temple rebuilding (Ezra 1:1-4). Isaiah's naming of Cyrus before his birth remains one of the most remarkable specific prophecies in Scripture.
Reflection
- How does God's use of a pagan king as His 'shepherd' expand your understanding of His sovereignty?
- What does this prophecy, given 150 years in advance, teach about God's knowledge of the future?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Isaiah 45:1, 45:3, 45:13, 46:11, 63:11, Daniel 10:1