Deuteronomy 8:13
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Deuteronomy 8:13
13 And when thy herds and thy flocks multiply, and thy silver and thy gold is multiplied, and all that thou hast is multiplied;
Chapter Context
Deuteronomy 8 is a sermonic and legal chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of faith, discipleship, truth. Written during the end of the wilderness wandering (c. 1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Moses delivered these speeches as Israel prepared to enter a land filled with different Canaanite city-states.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
This chapter is significant because it addresses timeless questions about faith, suffering, and divine purpose. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Deuteronomy and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Deuteronomy 8:13
13 And when thy herds and thy flocks multiply, and thy silver and thy gold is multiplied, and all that thou hast is multiplied;
Analysis
The repeated emphasis on multiplication—'herds and flocks multiply... silver and gold is multiplied... all that thou hast is multiplied'—describes comprehensive prosperity. The threefold repetition of 'multiplied' (yirbeh) emphasizes abundance. This isn't hypothetical but describes the expected result of obedience and God's blessing. The verse doesn't condemn wealth but describes a spiritual test: can you experience multiplication without the pride warned against in verse 14? Material increase isn't inherently good or evil; its spiritual effect depends on the heart's response. The next verses show the proper response: remembering God (v. 14), recognizing His provision (v. 16), and rejecting self-credit (v. 17).
Historical Context
Israel's multiplication in Canaan would be dramatic: from roughly 2-3 million entering the land to peak population possibly 5-7 million under Solomon. Archaeological evidence shows dramatic increase in settlements during Iron Age I-II. Livestock multiplication is evident in economic texts. Silver and gold accumulation is documented in biblical texts (David's treasury, Solomon's wealth, 1 Kings 10:14-27). This material success made Israel envied by surrounding nations but also created spiritual vulnerability, as predicted here.
Reflection
- How do you respond spiritually when experiencing increase and multiplication in wealth or success?
- What safeguards prevent material prosperity from creating spiritual pride in your life?
- How can you view multiplication of resources as increased stewardship responsibility rather than personal achievement?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Job 1:3