Acts 2:38
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Acts 2:38
38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.
Chapter Context
Acts 2 is a historical narrative chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of covenant, holiness, obedience. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-85 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Chronicles Christianity's spread across the Roman Empire despite official and unofficial opposition.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-47: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it demonstrates God's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Acts and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Acts 2:38
38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.
Analysis
Repent, and be baptized (μετανοήσατε καὶ βαπτισθήτω)—Peter's Pentecost command links internal transformation with public confession. The aorist imperative 'repent' demands decisive turning from sin and unbelief, particularly rejection of Jesus (v.36). Baptism 'in the name of Jesus Christ' distinguished Christian initiation from John's baptism and Jewish ritual washing—it publicly identified believers with Christ's death and resurrection. For the remission of sins (εἰς ἄφεσιν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν) connects to Joel's prophecy just quoted—the promised Spirit is now available through Israel's crucified Messiah. The 3,000 baptized that day formed the nucleus of the Jerusalem church.
Historical Context
Peter's sermon convicted hearers of complicity in crucifying the Messiah (vv.23,36). His call to repentance required Jews to reverse their verdict on Jesus and embrace him as Lord and Christ. Baptism risked social ostracism from the Jewish community. This occurred during Pentecost feast, around 30 AD.
Reflection
- How does baptism's public nature challenge cultural Christianity and private faith?
- In what areas does genuine repentance require more than emotional regret?
Word Studies
- Holy: ἅγιος (Hagios) G40 - Holy, sacred, set apart
Cross-References
- Sin: Acts 3:19, 22:16, Luke 24:47
- Baptism: Acts 8:12, 10:48, Mark 16:16, Romans 6:3, 1 Peter 3:21
- Repentance: Acts 17:30, Matthew 4:17