Zechariah 1:8

Authorized King James Version

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I saw by night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle trees that were in the bottom; and behind him were there red horses, speckled, and white.

Original Language Analysis

רָאִ֣יתִי׀ I saw H7200
רָאִ֣יתִי׀ I saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 1 of 19
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
הַלַּ֗יְלָה by night H3915
הַלַּ֗יְלָה by night
Strong's: H3915
Word #: 2 of 19
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
וְהִנֵּה H2009
וְהִנֵּה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 3 of 19
lo!
אִישׁ֙ and behold a man H376
אִישׁ֙ and behold a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 4 of 19
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
רֹכֵב֙ riding H7392
רֹכֵב֙ riding
Strong's: H7392
Word #: 5 of 19
to ride (on an animal or in a vehicle); causatively, to place upon (for riding or generally), to despatch
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 6 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
סוּסִ֣ים horse H5483
סוּסִ֣ים horse
Strong's: H5483
Word #: 7 of 19
a horse (as leaping)
אֲדֻמִּ֔ים him were there red H122
אֲדֻמִּ֔ים him were there red
Strong's: H122
Word #: 8 of 19
rosy
וְה֣וּא H1931
וְה֣וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 9 of 19
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
עֹמֵ֔ד and he stood H5975
עֹמֵ֔ד and he stood
Strong's: H5975
Word #: 10 of 19
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
בֵּ֥ין H996
בֵּ֥ין
Strong's: H996
Word #: 11 of 19
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
הַהֲדַסִּ֖ים among the myrtle trees H1918
הַהֲדַסִּ֖ים among the myrtle trees
Strong's: H1918
Word #: 12 of 19
the myrtle
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 13 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בַּמְּצֻלָ֑ה that were in the bottom H4699
בַּמְּצֻלָ֑ה that were in the bottom
Strong's: H4699
Word #: 14 of 19
shade
וְאַחֲרָיו֙ and behind H310
וְאַחֲרָיו֙ and behind
Strong's: H310
Word #: 15 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
סוּסִ֣ים horse H5483
סוּסִ֣ים horse
Strong's: H5483
Word #: 16 of 19
a horse (as leaping)
אֲדֻמִּ֔ים him were there red H122
אֲדֻמִּ֔ים him were there red
Strong's: H122
Word #: 17 of 19
rosy
שְׂרֻקִּ֖ים speckled H8320
שְׂרֻקִּ֖ים speckled
Strong's: H8320
Word #: 18 of 19
bright red (as piercing to the sight), i.e., bay
וּלְבָנִֽים׃ and white H3836
וּלְבָנִֽים׃ and white
Strong's: H3836
Word #: 19 of 19
white

Analysis & Commentary

The first vision begins: 'I saw by night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle trees that were in the bottom; and behind him were there red horses, speckled, and white.' The night vision suggests divine revelation through dreams. The 'man' on the red horse likely represents the Angel of the LORD (pre-incarnate Christ, v. 11). Red may symbolize war/judgment; speckled (or brown/sorrel) and white suggest variety. Myrtle trees in the 'bottom' (valley) create the scene. This mysterious vision introduces angelic reconnaissance reporting world conditions to God.

Historical Context

Myrtle trees (Hebrew: hadas) grew in Palestine's valleys and produced fragrant leaves. They symbolized peace and divine favor (Isa. 41:19; 55:13). The bottom/valley setting suggests a secluded, protected place. Ancient Near Eastern kings sent reconnaissance scouts to assess conditions; this vision portrays heaven's similar intelligence gathering. The multiple horses suggest angelic agents reporting to the LORD's representative.

Questions for Reflection