Ruth 4:5

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Then said Boaz, What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi, thou must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר Then said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר Then said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 18
to say (used with great latitude)
בֹּ֔עַז Boaz H1162
בֹּ֔עַז Boaz
Strong's: H1162
Word #: 2 of 18
boaz, the ancestor of david; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
בְּיוֹם What day H3117
בְּיוֹם What day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 3 of 18
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
קָנִ֔יתָי thou buyest H7069
קָנִ֔יתָי thou buyest
Strong's: H7069
Word #: 4 of 18
to erect, i.e., create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own
הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה the field H7704
הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה the field
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 5 of 18
a field (as flat)
מִיַּ֣ד of the hand H3027
מִיַּ֣ד of the hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 6 of 18
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
נָֽעֳמִ֑י of Naomi H5281
נָֽעֳמִ֑י of Naomi
Strong's: H5281
Word #: 7 of 18
noomi, an israelitess
וּ֠מֵאֵת H854
וּ֠מֵאֵת
Strong's: H854
Word #: 8 of 18
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
ר֣וּת it also of Ruth H7327
ר֣וּת it also of Ruth
Strong's: H7327
Word #: 9 of 18
ruth, a moabitess
הַמּֽוֹאֲבִיָּ֤ה the Moabitess H4125
הַמּֽוֹאֲבִיָּ֤ה the Moabitess
Strong's: H4125
Word #: 10 of 18
a moabite or moabitess, i.e., a descendant from moab
אֵֽשֶׁת the wife H802
אֵֽשֶׁת the wife
Strong's: H802
Word #: 11 of 18
a woman
הַמֵּ֖ת of the dead H4191
הַמֵּ֖ת of the dead
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 12 of 18
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
קָנִ֔יתָי thou buyest H7069
קָנִ֔יתָי thou buyest
Strong's: H7069
Word #: 13 of 18
to erect, i.e., create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own
לְהָקִ֥ים to raise up H6965
לְהָקִ֥ים to raise up
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 14 of 18
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
שֵׁם the name H8034
שֵׁם the name
Strong's: H8034
Word #: 15 of 18
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
הַמֵּ֖ת of the dead H4191
הַמֵּ֖ת of the dead
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 16 of 18
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 18
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
נַֽחֲלָתֽוֹ׃ upon his inheritance H5159
נַֽחֲלָתֽוֹ׃ upon his inheritance
Strong's: H5159
Word #: 18 of 18
properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

Analysis & Commentary

Full disclosure: 'Then said Boaz, What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi, thou must buy it also of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance'. Boaz reveals the complete obligation—redeeming property requires marrying Ruth to produce heir who will inherit the land, perpetuating Elimelech/Mahlon's name. This changes the calculation entirely—the redeemer wouldn't permanently add to his estate but would work land temporarily for another man's heir. The phrase 'Ruth the Moabitess' emphasizes her foreign origin, potentially making marriage additionally unappealing to the kinsman. Boaz's full disclosure demonstrates integrity—he could have concealed this requirement initially but instead ensured informed decision.

Historical Context

Levirate marriage law (Deuteronomy 25:5-10) required deceased man's brother to marry the widow, with first son legally considered the dead man's heir, inheriting his property and perpetuating his name. This obligation combined with property redemption meant the kinsman would purchase land, marry Ruth, father children, but the firstborn son would legally be Mahlon's heir, inheriting the redeemed property. The kinsman would expend resources (purchasing land, maintaining household) without permanent benefit to his estate—the land would eventually go to Ruth's son as Mahlon's legal heir. This explains his subsequent refusal.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Bible Stories