Romans 2:8

Authorized King James Version

But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
ἐξ
unto them that are contentious
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#4
ἐριθείας
properly, intrigue, i.e., (by implication) faction
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
ἀπειθοῦσιν
do not obey
to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely)
#7
μὲν
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
#8
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ἀληθείᾳ
the truth
truth
#10
πειθομένοις
obey
to convince (by argument, true or false); by analogy, to pacify or conciliate (by other fair means); reflexively or passively, to assent (to evidence
#11
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#12
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
ἀδικίᾳ
G93
unrighteousness
(legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act)
#14
θυμός
indignation
passion (as if breathing hard)
#15
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
ὀργὴ
wrath
properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e., (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implicati

Analysis

This verse develops the faith and obedience theme central to Romans. The concept of righteousness reflects the development of faith and obedience within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to systematic theological exposition of the gospel, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the early imperial period under Nero (c. 57 CE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Roman Empire at its height, with sophisticated legal systems, diverse religious practices, and increasing Christian presence in major urban centers shaped Paul's theological arguments. The Greco-Roman urban culture with diverse religious and philosophical influences would have shaped how the original audience understood righteousness. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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