Romans 2:8

Authorized King James Version

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But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,

Original Language Analysis

τοῖς G3588
τοῖς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 1 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
δὲ But G1161
δὲ But
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 16
but, and, etc
ἐξ unto them that are contentious G1537
ἐξ unto them that are contentious
Strong's: G1537
Word #: 3 of 16
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
ἐριθείας G2052
ἐριθείας
Strong's: G2052
Word #: 4 of 16
properly, intrigue, i.e., (by implication) faction
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 5 of 16
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἀπειθοῦσιν do not obey G544
ἀπειθοῦσιν do not obey
Strong's: G544
Word #: 6 of 16
to disbelieve (wilfully and perversely)
μὲν G3303
μὲν
Strong's: G3303
Word #: 7 of 16
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 8 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀληθείᾳ the truth G225
ἀληθείᾳ the truth
Strong's: G225
Word #: 9 of 16
truth
πειθομένοις obey G3982
πειθομένοις obey
Strong's: G3982
Word #: 10 of 16
to convince (by argument, true or false); by analogy, to pacify or conciliate (by other fair means); reflexively or passively, to assent (to evidence
δὲ But G1161
δὲ But
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 11 of 16
but, and, etc
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 12 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀδικίᾳ unrighteousness G93
ἀδικίᾳ unrighteousness
Strong's: G93
Word #: 13 of 16
(legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act)
θυμός indignation G2372
θυμός indignation
Strong's: G2372
Word #: 14 of 16
passion (as if breathing hard)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 15 of 16
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ὀργὴ wrath G3709
ὀργὴ wrath
Strong's: G3709
Word #: 16 of 16
properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e., (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implicati

Analysis & Commentary

But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousnessἐριθεία (eritheia, "contentiousness/selfish ambition") describes factious self-will, resisting God's authority. The contrast ἀπειθοῦσι τῇ ἀληθείᾳ (apeithusi tē alētheia, "disobey the truth") versus πειθομένοις δὲ τῇ ἀδικίᾳ (peithomenois de tē adikia, "obeying unrighteousness") shows that rejecting truth involves active embrace of evil, not mere neutrality. Ἀλήθεια (alētheia, "truth") in Paul means gospel reality, not abstract philosophy.

Indignation and wrathὀργὴ καὶ θυμός (orgē kai thymos). Θυμός (thymos) is passionate anger or fury; ὀργή (orgē) is settled wrath. Together they emphasize God's fierce opposition to rebellion. This verse demolishes the modern sentimentality that sees God's love as excluding judgment. Scripture consistently presents divine wrath as love's necessary corollary—God's opposition to evil that destroys His beloved image-bearers.

The parallelism with verse 7 is exact: patient continuance versus contentious rebellion, seeking truth versus obeying unrighteousness, eternal life versus indignation and wrath. Paul constructs an inescapable binary: no neutral ground exists. Jesus made identical claims in John 3:36: "he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him."

Historical Context

Paul's audience, steeped in Old Testament prophets, knew God's wrath intimately: the Flood, Sodom, wilderness wanderings, exile to Babylon. Prophets like Nahum (1:2-6) and Zephaniah (1:14-18) vividly described divine fury against rebellion. However, Jews often projected this wrath onto Gentiles while presuming immunity. Paul's rhetoric here is egalitarian: wrath falls on all who disobey truth, regardless of ethnicity. This challenged the presumption that covenant membership created a wrath shield.

Questions for Reflection