Psalms 69:19

Authorized King James Version

Thou hast known my reproach, and my shame, and my dishonour: mine adversaries are all before thee.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אַתָּ֤ה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#2
יָדַ֗עְתָּ
Thou hast known
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#3
חֶרְפָּתִ֣י
my reproach
contumely, disgrace, the pudenda
#4
וּ֭בָשְׁתִּי
and my shame
shame (the feeling and the condition, as well as its cause); by implication (specifically) an idol
#5
וּכְלִמָּתִ֑י
and my dishonour
disgrace
#6
נֶ֝גְדְּךָ֗
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before
#7
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#8
צוֹרְרָֽי׃
mine adversaries
to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection