Psalms 68:34

Authorized King James Version

Ascribe ye strength unto God: his excellency is over Israel, and his strength is in the clouds.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
תְּנ֥וּ
Ascribe
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
וְ֝עֻזּ֗וֹ
and his strength
strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
#3
לֵֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים
unto God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#4
עַֽל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל
is over Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#6
גַּאֲוָת֑וֹ
his excellency
arrogance or majesty; by implication, (concretely) ornament
#7
וְ֝עֻזּ֗וֹ
and his strength
strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
#8
בַּשְּׁחָקִֽים׃
is in the clouds
a powder (as beaten small); by analogy, a thin vapor; by extension, the firmament

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection