Psalms 23:2

Authorized King James Version

He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
בִּנְא֣וֹת
pastures
a home; figuratively, a pasture
#2
דֶּ֭שֶׁא
in green
a sprout; by analogy, grass
#3
יַרְבִּיצֵ֑נִי
He maketh me to lie down
to crouch (on all four legs folded, like a recumbent animal); by implication, to recline, repose, brood, lurk, imbed
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
מֵ֖י
waters
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#6
מְנֻח֣וֹת
me beside the still
repose or (adverbially) peacefully; figuratively, consolation (specifically, matrimony); hence (concretely) an abode
#7
יְנַהֲלֵֽנִי׃
he leadeth
properly, to run with a sparkle, i.e., flow; hence (transitively), to conduct, and (by inference) to protect, sustain

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection