Psalms 136:5

Authorized King James Version

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To him that by wisdom made the heavens: for his mercy endureth for ever.

Original Language Analysis

לְעֹשֵׂ֣ה made H6213
לְעֹשֵׂ֣ה made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 1 of 6
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הַ֭שָּׁמַיִם the heavens H8064
הַ֭שָּׁמַיִם the heavens
Strong's: H8064
Word #: 2 of 6
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה To him that by wisdom H8394
בִּתְבוּנָ֑ה To him that by wisdom
Strong's: H8394
Word #: 3 of 6
intelligence; by implication, an argument; by extension, caprice
כִּ֖י H3588
כִּ֖י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 4 of 6
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לְעוֹלָ֣ם endureth for ever H5769
לְעוֹלָ֣ם endureth for ever
Strong's: H5769
Word #: 5 of 6
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ for his mercy H2617
חַסְדּֽוֹ׃ for his mercy
Strong's: H2617
Word #: 6 of 6
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty

Analysis & Commentary

To him that by wisdom made the heavens: for his mercy endureth for ever. This verse begins the psalm's creation section, celebrating God as wise Creator. "By wisdom" (בִּתְבוּנָה/bitvunah) emphasizes intelligent design—creation wasn't random chaos but ordered purpose. Tevunah denotes understanding, insight, discernment. The heavens display sophisticated order: planetary orbits, stellar patterns, cosmic laws. This wisdom anticipates Proverbs 8:22-31, where personified Wisdom assists in creation.

"Made the heavens" (לְעֹשֵׂה הַשָּׁמַיִם/le'oseh hashamayim) uses עָשָׂה (asah), to make, fashion, or accomplish. Unlike bara (create from nothing, Genesis 1:1), asah emphasizes craftsmanship—the heavens are God's workmanship, skillfully fashioned. The heavens (שָׁמַיִם/shamayim) include both atmospheric sky and stellar expanse, declaring God's glory (Psalm 19:1).

The refrain "for his mercy endureth for ever" (כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ/ki le'olam chasdo) connects creation with covenant loyalty. Chesed denotes steadfast love, loyal-love, covenant faithfulness. That God's chesed endures forever (לְעוֹלָם/le'olam) means creation itself flows from and reflects God's loyal love. He made the heavens not from necessity but from overflow of faithful love.

Historical Context

Psalm 136 is the Great Hallel, sung at Passover's conclusion and during daily temple worship. Its antiphonal structure—each verse followed by the refrain 'for his mercy endureth for ever'—suggests congregational or choir responses, one group reciting the verse, another the refrain. This created powerful corporate worship, voices joining in affirmation of God's enduring chesed. The psalm recounts salvation history from creation through exodus to conquest, demonstrating that the same loyal love that made the heavens delivered Israel from Egypt.

Questions for Reflection