Psalms 105:12

Authorized King James Version

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When they were but a few men in number; yea, very few, and strangers in it.

Original Language Analysis

בִּֽ֭הְיוֹתָם H1961
בִּֽ֭הְיוֹתָם
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 6
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
מְתֵ֣י When they were but a few men H4962
מְתֵ֣י When they were but a few men
Strong's: H4962
Word #: 2 of 6
properly, an adult (as of full length); by implication, a man (only in the plural)
מִסְפָּ֑ר in number H4557
מִסְפָּ֑ר in number
Strong's: H4557
Word #: 3 of 6
a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration
כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט yea very few H4592
כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט yea very few
Strong's: H4592
Word #: 4 of 6
a little or few (often adverbial or comparative)
וְגָרִ֥ים and strangers H1481
וְגָרִ֥ים and strangers
Strong's: H1481
Word #: 5 of 6
properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e., sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place);
בָּֽהּ׃ H0
בָּֽהּ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 6

Analysis & Commentary

When Israel was 'but a few men in number,' 'very few and strangers' in Canaan, God's promises seemed impossible. Small numbers made the covenant promise of land and nationhood appear absurd. Yet God's promises don't depend on favorable circumstances. Abraham started with zero descendants; God promised innumerable offspring. 'Strangers' (ger) emphasizes their vulnerable, foreign status. This prefigures the church starting small but growing globally. Christ began with twelve disciples. The Reformed understanding of divine election recognizes God chooses the weak and few (1 Cor 1:27-29).

Historical Context

The patriarchal period featured Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Jacob's twelve sons—a tiny clan among Canaan's nations. Their vulnerability made God's promise of possessing the land humanly impossible.

Questions for Reflection