Proverbs 24:17

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth, and let not thine heart be glad when he stumbleth:

Original Language Analysis

בִּנְפֹ֣ל falleth H5307
בִּנְפֹ֣ל falleth
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 1 of 8
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
אֽ֭וֹיִבְיךָ not when thine enemy H341
אֽ֭וֹיִבְיךָ not when thine enemy
Strong's: H341
Word #: 2 of 8
hating; an adversary
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 3 of 8
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תִּשְׂמָ֑ח Rejoice H8055
תִּשְׂמָ֑ח Rejoice
Strong's: H8055
Word #: 4 of 8
probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome
וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ when he stumbleth H3782
וּ֝בִכָּשְׁל֗וֹ when he stumbleth
Strong's: H3782
Word #: 5 of 8
to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 6 of 8
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
יָגֵ֥ל be glad H1523
יָגֵ֥ל be glad
Strong's: H1523
Word #: 7 of 8
properly, to spin round (under the influence of any violent emotion), i.e., usually rejoice, or (as cringing) fear
לִבֶּֽךָ׃ and let not thine heart H3820
לִבֶּֽךָ׃ and let not thine heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 8 of 8
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

Analysis & Commentary

'Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth'—don't celebrate when those who opposed you suffer judgment. This commands remarkable grace: instead of vindictive joy, show restraint even toward enemies. Verse 18 explains why: 'lest the LORD see it, and it displease him, and he turn away his wrath from him.' Gloating over judgment might cause God to show mercy to your enemy (to humble your pride) and judgment to you. This teaches that vengeance belongs to God alone; our response should be sober recognition of justice, not gleeful celebration. Paul echoes this in Romans 12:14-21—bless persecutors, don't seek revenge. Such grace reflects God's character and Christ's teaching to love enemies. Even when God judges wickedness justly, avoid prideful gloating.

Historical Context

Proverbs 25:21-22 commands feeding hungry enemies. Jesus taught loving and praying for persecutors. This radical grace distinguished God's people from pagan cultures that celebrated enemies' destruction.

Questions for Reflection