Numbers 34:15

Authorized King James Version

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The two tribes and the half tribe have received their inheritance on this side Jordan near Jericho eastward, toward the sunrising.

Original Language Analysis

שְׁנֵ֥י The two H8147
שְׁנֵ֥י The two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 1 of 11
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
הַמַּטֶּ֑ה tribe H4294
הַמַּטֶּ֑ה tribe
Strong's: H4294
Word #: 2 of 11
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
וַֽחֲצִ֣י and the half H2677
וַֽחֲצִ֣י and the half
Strong's: H2677
Word #: 3 of 11
the half or middle
הַמַּטֶּ֑ה tribe H4294
הַמַּטֶּ֑ה tribe
Strong's: H4294
Word #: 4 of 11
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
לָֽקְח֣וּ have received H3947
לָֽקְח֣וּ have received
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 5 of 11
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
נַֽחֲלָתָ֗ם their inheritance H5159
נַֽחֲלָתָ֗ם their inheritance
Strong's: H5159
Word #: 6 of 11
properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion
מֵעֵ֛בֶר on this side H5676
מֵעֵ֛בֶר on this side
Strong's: H5676
Word #: 7 of 11
properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the jordan; ususally meaning
לְיַרְדֵּ֥ן Jordan H3383
לְיַרְדֵּ֥ן Jordan
Strong's: H3383
Word #: 8 of 11
jarden, the principal river of palestine
יְרֵח֖וֹ near Jericho H3405
יְרֵח֖וֹ near Jericho
Strong's: H3405
Word #: 9 of 11
jericho or jerecho, a place in palestine
קֵ֥דְמָה eastward H6924
קֵ֥דְמָה eastward
Strong's: H6924
Word #: 10 of 11
the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the east) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)
מִזְרָֽחָה׃ toward the sunrising H4217
מִזְרָֽחָה׃ toward the sunrising
Strong's: H4217
Word #: 11 of 11
sunrise, i.e., the east

Analysis & Commentary

The two tribes and the half tribe have received their inheritance on this side Jordan near Jericho eastward, toward the sunrising—The Hebrew מֵעֵבֶר לְיַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֹ קֵדְמָה מִזְרָחָה (me-ever le-Yarden Yericho qedmah mizrachah, "from across the Jordan of Jericho eastward, toward the sunrise") precisely locates Transjordan territory. The double emphasis on east (קֵדְמָה and מִזְרָחָה both mean "eastward") underscores geographical and theological significance.

"This side Jordan" (מֵעֵבֶר, me-ever, "from the other side/beyond") uses perspective language—from Moses' viewpoint in Moab, the eastern side is "this side," while Canaan proper is "that side." This linguistic detail reveals the text's composition before crossing Jordan. Near Jericho anchors the description to Israel's entry point, emphasizing that even Transjordan tribes remained connected to the central conquest narrative.

Historical Context

The Transjordan territory stretched from the Arnon River (southern border) to Mount Hermon (northern border), encompassing former Amorite kingdoms of Sihon and Og (Numbers 21). This fertile plateau, well-watered compared to Judean wilderness, attracted Reuben and Gad's pastoral interests. Archaeological evidence confirms major Israelite settlements east of Jordan from this period, though these tribes suffered first in Assyrian invasions (740s BC).

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