Numbers 32:3

Authorized King James Version

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Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer, and Nimrah, and Heshbon, and Elealeh, and Shebam, and Nebo, and Beon,

Original Language Analysis

עֲטָר֤וֹת Ataroth H5852
עֲטָר֤וֹת Ataroth
Strong's: H5852
Word #: 1 of 9
ataroth, the name (thus simply) of two places in palestine
וְדִיבֹן֙ and Dibon H1769
וְדִיבֹן֙ and Dibon
Strong's: H1769
Word #: 2 of 9
dibon, the name of three places in palestine
וְיַעְזֵ֣ר and Jazer H3270
וְיַעְזֵ֣ר and Jazer
Strong's: H3270
Word #: 3 of 9
jaazer or jazer, a place east of the jordan
וְנִמְרָ֔ה and Nimrah H5247
וְנִמְרָ֔ה and Nimrah
Strong's: H5247
Word #: 4 of 9
nimrah, a place east of the jordan
וְחֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן and Heshbon H2809
וְחֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן and Heshbon
Strong's: H2809
Word #: 5 of 9
cheshbon, a place east of the jordan
וְאֶלְעָלֵ֑ה and Elealeh H500
וְאֶלְעָלֵ֑ה and Elealeh
Strong's: H500
Word #: 6 of 9
elale or elaleh, a place east of the jordan
וּשְׂבָ֥ם and Shebam H7643
וּשְׂבָ֥ם and Shebam
Strong's: H7643
Word #: 7 of 9
sebam or sibmah, a place in moab
וּנְב֖וֹ and Nebo H5015
וּנְב֖וֹ and Nebo
Strong's: H5015
Word #: 8 of 9
nebo, the name of a babylonian deity
וּבְעֹֽן׃ and Beon H1194
וּבְעֹֽן׃ and Beon
Strong's: H1194
Word #: 9 of 9
beon, a place east of the jordan

Analysis & Commentary

Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer (עֲטָרוֹת וְדִיבֹן וְיַעְזֵר)—this catalog of conquered Moabite cities lists eight locations (nine with Elealeh) known for fertile grazing land. Archaeological evidence confirms these were substantial settlements with good water sources. Dibon (modern Dhiban) was Moab's capital; Jazer had 'pleasant' vineyards (Isaiah 16:8-9). The tribal representatives have done their homework—these are choice territories for livestock.

Yet this detailed knowledge reveals their hearts: they've been surveying settlement options east of Jordan while God intended them for Canaan proper. Like Lot choosing the 'well-watered' plain of Jordan (Genesis 13:10-11), they make pragmatic calculations based on visible resources, forgetting that God's promise pointed westward. The specificity of their request—naming nine cities—shows this wasn't a sudden impulse but planned self-interest.

Historical Context

These Transjordan cities lay in territory conquered from Amorite kings Sihon and Og (Numbers 21:21-35). The Mesha Stele (circa 840 BC) confirms Israelite occupation of Dibon, Ataroth, and Nebo during the divided monarchy period.

Questions for Reflection

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