Numbers 31:29
Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD.
Original Language Analysis
וְנָֽתַתָּ֛ה
and give
H5414
וְנָֽתַתָּ֛ה
and give
Strong's:
H5414
Word #:
3 of 7
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן
the priest
H3548
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן
the priest
Strong's:
H3548
Word #:
5 of 7
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
Historical Context
Eleazar succeeded Aaron (Numbers 20:28) and served as high priest during Joshua's conquest. This tribute helped sustain the priestly tribe (Levites) who received no territorial inheritance, depending instead on tithes and offerings. The heave offering was physically lifted during dedication.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the OT priesthood's dependence on offerings illuminate NT teaching about supporting gospel ministers?
- What does giving 'unto the priest' rather than directly 'unto the LORD' teach about God's use of human mediators?
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Analysis & Commentary
Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD—The Hebrew terumah (heave/wave offering) designates this as sacred gift lifted toward heaven symbolically. The soldiers' tribute goes to the high priest, supporting Tabernacle ministry and priestly families who own no land inheritance.
Eleazar receives on God's behalf—the priest mediates between people and Yahweh. This foreshadows Christ our High Priest who receives our offerings (Hebrews 7:23-28). The 1/500 rate yielded substantial provision: 675 sheep, 72 cattle, 61 donkeys, 32 persons for priestly ministry. God ensures those who serve the altar are supported by the altar (1 Cor 9:13-14).