Numbers 26:3

Authorized King James Version

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And Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,

Original Language Analysis

וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר spake H1696
וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר spake
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 1 of 11
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁ֜ה And Moses H4872
מֹשֶׁ֜ה And Moses
Strong's: H4872
Word #: 2 of 11
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
וְאֶלְעָזָ֧ר and Eleazar H499
וְאֶלְעָזָ֧ר and Eleazar
Strong's: H499
Word #: 3 of 11
elazar, the name of seven israelites
הַכֹּהֵ֛ן the priest H3548
הַכֹּהֵ֛ן the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 4 of 11
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
אֹתָ֖ם H854
אֹתָ֖ם
Strong's: H854
Word #: 5 of 11
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת with them in the plains H6160
בְּעַֽרְבֹ֣ת with them in the plains
Strong's: H6160
Word #: 6 of 11
a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea
מוֹאָ֑ב of Moab H4124
מוֹאָ֑ב of Moab
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 7 of 11
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 11
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יַרְדֵּ֥ן by Jordan H3383
יַרְדֵּ֥ן by Jordan
Strong's: H3383
Word #: 9 of 11
jarden, the principal river of palestine
יְרֵח֖וֹ near Jericho H3405
יְרֵח֖וֹ near Jericho
Strong's: H3405
Word #: 10 of 11
jericho or jerecho, a place in palestine
לֵאמֹֽר׃ saying H559
לֵאמֹֽר׃ saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 11 of 11
to say (used with great latitude)

Analysis & Commentary

Moses and Eleazar the priest spake with them in the plains of Moab (עַרְבֹת מוֹאָב)—this second census occurs at the end of Israel's wilderness journey, nearly 40 years after the first census at Sinai (Numbers 1). The location by Jordan near Jericho places Israel on the threshold of conquest, poised to enter Canaan.

The census leadership transitions from Moses and Aaron (first census) to Moses and Eleazar—Aaron's son now serves as high priest after Aaron's death (Numbers 20:28). This generational shift mirrors the broader theme: the census counts a new generation born in the wilderness, for the original generation died under judgment (Numbers 14:29-35). The census prepares this new generation for conquest and land distribution.

Historical Context

The plains of Moab (east of the Jordan River, opposite Jericho) served as Israel's staging ground for the conquest of Canaan. Moses conducted the second census here in approximately 1406 BC, 38 years after the first census and just before his death. Eleazar had succeeded Aaron as high priest earlier that same year.

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