Nahum 3:18

Authorized King James Version

Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria: thy nobles shall dwell in the dust: thy people is scattered upon the mountains, and no man gathereth them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
נָמ֤וּ
slumber
to slumber (from drowsiness)
#2
רֹעֶ֙יךָ֙
Thy shepherds
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
#3
מֶ֣לֶךְ
O king
a king
#4
אַשּׁ֔וּר
of Assyria
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
#5
יִשְׁכְּנ֖וּ
shall dwell
to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
#6
אַדִּירֶ֑יךָ
thy nobles
wide or (generally) large; figuratively, powerful
#7
נָפֹ֧שׁוּ
is scattered
to spread; figuratively, act proudly
#8
עַמְּךָ֛
in the dust thy people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#9
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#10
הֶהָרִ֖ים
upon the mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#11
וְאֵ֥ין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#12
מְקַבֵּֽץ׃
and no man gathereth
to grasp, i.e., collect

Analysis

Within the broader context of Nahum, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Nahum.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection