Isaiah 13:14

Authorized King James Version

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And it shall be as the chased roe, and as a sheep that no man taketh up: they shall every man turn to his own people, and flee every one into his own land.

Original Language Analysis

וְהָיָה֙ H1961
וְהָיָה֙
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 14
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כִּצְבִ֣י roe H6643
כִּצְבִ֣י roe
Strong's: H6643
Word #: 2 of 14
a gazelle (as beautiful)
מֻדָּ֔ח And it shall be as the chased H5080
מֻדָּ֔ח And it shall be as the chased
Strong's: H5080
Word #: 3 of 14
to push off; used in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (to expel, mislead, strike, inflict, etc.)
וּכְצֹ֖אן and as a sheep H6629
וּכְצֹ֖אן and as a sheep
Strong's: H6629
Word #: 4 of 14
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
וְאֵ֣ין H369
וְאֵ֣ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 5 of 14
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מְקַבֵּ֑ץ that no man taketh up H6908
מְקַבֵּ֑ץ that no man taketh up
Strong's: H6908
Word #: 6 of 14
to grasp, i.e., collect
וְאִ֥ישׁ every one H376
וְאִ֥ישׁ every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 7 of 14
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 8 of 14
near, with or among; often in general, to
עַמּוֹ֙ to his own people H5971
עַמּוֹ֙ to his own people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 9 of 14
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
יִפְנ֔וּ turn H6437
יִפְנ֔וּ turn
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 10 of 14
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
וְאִ֥ישׁ every one H376
וְאִ֥ישׁ every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 11 of 14
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 12 of 14
near, with or among; often in general, to
אַרְצ֖וֹ into his own land H776
אַרְצ֖וֹ into his own land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 13 of 14
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
יָנֽוּסוּ׃ and flee H5127
יָנֽוּסוּ׃ and flee
Strong's: H5127
Word #: 14 of 14
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)

Analysis & Commentary

The image shifts to panicked flight: 'it shall be as the chased roe, and as a sheep that no man taketh up: they shall every man turn to his own people, and flee every one into his own land.' The gazelle (roe) flees from hunters; the sheep without a shepherd scatters before predators. Babylon's cosmopolitan population—gathered from many nations through conquest and trade—will fragment and flee homeward. No one will gather them; no one will defend them. Each seeks individual survival, abandoning collective defense. This is total social breakdown: every man for himself. Unity dissolves under judgment.

Historical Context

Babylon's population included peoples from across the ancient Near East—deportees, slaves, merchants, mercenaries. Multi-ethnic empires hold together through power; when that power breaks, they fragment along ethnic/national lines. When Babylon fell to Cyrus in 539 BC, the new regime allowed peoples to return to homelands (see Ezra 1:1-4 regarding Jewish return). What conquest had gathered, judgment scattered. This pattern repeats throughout history: empires unite by force, but crumble into constituent parts when central power fails.

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