Micah 6:14
Thou shalt eat, but not be satisfied; and thy casting down shall be in the midst of thee; and thou shalt take hold, but shalt not deliver; and that which thou deliverest will I give up to the sword.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Jerusalem's siege by Babylon fulfilled this prophecy literally. Lamentations 4:4-10 describes horrific famine: children begging bread, nobles scavenging garbage, mothers cannibalizing their infants. Despite eating, they weren't satisfied—food couldn't sustain life under covenant curse. Efforts to escape or protect family failed: Zedekiah tried fleeing but was captured, his sons killed before him, then his eyes gouged out (2 Kings 25:6-7). Jeremiah 38:23 warned: "Thou shalt not escape...thou shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon: and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire." Human wisdom cannot circumvent divine judgment. Only repentance averts wrath.
Questions for Reflection
- In what areas of your life do you "eat but not be satisfied"—pursuing things that cannot ultimately fulfill the soul?
- How does recognizing that satisfaction comes only from God reorder your priorities and pursuits?
- What are you trying to "take hold" of (secure, protect, achieve) through human effort that only God can provide or preserve?
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Analysis & Commentary
Thou shalt eat, but not be satisfied; and thy casting down shall be in the midst of thee. God details covenant curses. "Thou shalt eat, but not be satisfied" (תֹּאכַל וְלֹא תִשְׂבָּע, tokhal ve-lo tisba) describes frustration—consuming food without satiation. This echoes Leviticus 26:26: "Ye shall eat, and not be satisfied." Haggai 1:6 applies it to post-exilic Jews: "Ye eat, but ye have not enough; ye drink, but ye are not filled." When God withdraws blessing, material abundance brings no satisfaction. Augustine observed humanity has "a God-shaped vacuum" only He can fill; seeking satisfaction elsewhere brings perpetual hunger.
"Thy casting down shall be in the midst of thee" (וְיֶשְׁחֲךָ בְּקִרְבֶּךָ, ve-yeshchakha be-kirbecha)—the Hebrew yeshech is obscure, possibly meaning "emptiness," "darkness," or "shame." The sense is internal desolation—emptiness within despite external possessions. "And thou shalt take hold, but shalt not deliver; and that which thou deliverest will I give up to the sword." Efforts to secure possessions and rescue loved ones will fail. In siege warfare, parents couldn't protect children; wealth couldn't buy safety. Jeremiah 9:21 depicts death climbing through windows, cutting off children from streets. When judgment comes, human schemes fail.
This exposes the futility of life apart from God. Ecclesiastes explores this: "Vanity of vanities...all is vanity" (Ecclesiastes 1:2). Solomon tested pleasure, wealth, wisdom, achievement—all left him empty. Only fearing God and keeping His commandments matters (Ecclesiastes 12:13). Jesus warned: "What shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?" (Mark 8:36). Lasting satisfaction comes only from God.