Matthew 18:21

Authorized King James Version

Then came Peter to him, and said, Lord, how oft shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? till seven times?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Τότε
Then
the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)
#2
προσελθὼν
came
to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to
#3
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
Πέτρος
Peter
a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle
#6
εἶπεν
and said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#7
Κύριε
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#8
ποσάκις
how oft
how many times
#9
ἁμαρτήσει
sin
properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e., (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin
#10
εἰς
against
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#11
ἐμὲ
me
me
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
ἀδελφός
G80
brother
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#14
μου
shall my
of me
#15
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
ἀφήσω
I forgive
to send forth, in various applications (as follow)
#17
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#18
ἕως
till
a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)
#19
ἑπτάκις
seven times
seven times

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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