Matthew 18:17

Authorized King James Version

And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church: but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἐὰν
if
a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
παρακούσῃ
he neglect to hear
to mishear, i.e., (by implication) to disobey
#4
αὐτῶν
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#5
εἰπὲ
tell
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#6
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
ἐκκλησίας
it unto the church
a calling out, i.e., (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (jewish synagogue, or christian community of members on earth
#8
ἐὰν
if
a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
#9
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#10
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἐκκλησίας
it unto the church
a calling out, i.e., (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (jewish synagogue, or christian community of members on earth
#13
παρακούσῃ
he neglect to hear
to mishear, i.e., (by implication) to disobey
#14
ἔστω
let him be
be thou; also ??????? <pronunciation strongs="es'-to-san"/>, third person of the same; let them be
#15
σοι
unto thee
to thee
#16
ὥσπερ
as
just as, i.e., exactly like
#17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
ἐθνικὸς
an heathen man
national ("ethnic"), i.e., (specially) a gentile
#19
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
τελώνης
a publican
a tax-farmer, i.e., collector of public revenue

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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