Mark 12:17

Authorized King James Version

And Jesus answering said unto them, Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's. And they marvelled at him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ἀποκριθεὶς
answering
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#3
τῷ
the things that are
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#5
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#6
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#7
ἀπόδοτε
Render
to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)
#8
τῷ
the things that are
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
Καίσαρι
Caesar's
caesar, a title of the roman emperor
#10
Καίσαρι
Caesar's
caesar, a title of the roman emperor
#11
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
τῷ
the things that are
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
τῷ
the things that are
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
θεῷ
God's
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#15
τῷ
the things that are
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
θεῷ
God's
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#17
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#18
ἐθαύμασαν
they marvelled
to wonder; by implication, to admire
#19
ἐπ'
at
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#20
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Mark. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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