Luke 19:8

Authorized King James Version

And Zacchaeus stood, and said unto the Lord; Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor; and if I have taken any thing from any man by false accusation, I restore him fourfold.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
σταθεὶς
stood
to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
Ζακχαῖος
Zacchaeus
zacchaeus, an israelite
#4
εἶπεν
and said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#5
πρὸς
unto
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#6
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
κύριε
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#8
Ἰδού,
Behold
used as imperative lo!
#9
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
ἡμίση
the half
(as noun) half
#11
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ὑπαρχόντων
goods
things extant or in hand, i.e., property or possessions
#13
μου
of my
of me
#14
κύριε
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#15
δίδωμι
I give
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
#16
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
πτωχοῖς
to the poor
akin to g4422 and the alternate of g4098); a beggar (as cringing), i.e., pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used i
#18
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#19
εἴ
if, whether, that, etc
#20
τι
from any man
some or any person or object
#21
τι
from any man
some or any person or object
#22
ἐσυκοφάντησα
I have taken
to be a fig-informer (reporter of the law forbidding the exportation of figs from greece), "sycophant", i.e., (genitive and by extension) to defraud (
#23
ἀποδίδωμι
I restore
to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)
#24
τετραπλοῦν
him fourfold
quadruple

Analysis

Within the broader context of Luke, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Luke.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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