Leviticus 15:23

Authorized King James Version

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And if it be on her bed, or on any thing whereon she sitteth, when he toucheth it, he shall be unclean until the even.

Original Language Analysis

וְאִ֨ם H518
וְאִ֨ם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 1 of 16
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
עַֽל H5921
עַֽל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 2 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֜ב And if it be on her bed H4904
הַמִּשְׁכָּ֜ב And if it be on her bed
Strong's: H4904
Word #: 3 of 16
a bed (figuratively, a bier); abstractly, sleep; by euphemism, carnal intercourse
ה֗וּא H1931
ה֗וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 4 of 16
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
א֧וֹ H176
א֧וֹ
Strong's: H176
Word #: 5 of 16
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
עַֽל H5921
עַֽל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 6 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַכְּלִ֛י or on any thing H3627
הַכְּלִ֛י or on any thing
Strong's: H3627
Word #: 7 of 16
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 8 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הִ֥וא H1931
הִ֥וא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 9 of 16
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
יֹשֶֽׁבֶת whereon she sitteth H3427
יֹשֶֽׁבֶת whereon she sitteth
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 10 of 16
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
עָלָ֖יו H5921
עָלָ֖יו
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 11 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
בְּנָגְעוֹ when he toucheth H5060
בְּנָגְעוֹ when he toucheth
Strong's: H5060
Word #: 12 of 16
properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive
ב֑וֹ H0
ב֑וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 13 of 16
יִטְמָ֖א it he shall be unclean H2930
יִטְמָ֖א it he shall be unclean
Strong's: H2930
Word #: 14 of 16
to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense (contaminated)
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 15 of 16
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
הָעָֽרֶב׃ until the even H6153
הָעָֽרֶב׃ until the even
Strong's: H6153
Word #: 16 of 16
dusk

Analysis & Commentary

And if it be on her bed, or on any thing whereon she sitteth, when he toucheth it, he shall be unclean until the even.

This verse falls within the section on Bodily Discharges. Laws concerning various bodily discharges, emphasizing that approaching God's holy presence requires ritual purity.

Ritual purity laws taught Israel to distinguish between clean and unclean, holy and common, training them in discernment and reverence for God's presence.
The New Testament reveals that Christ's sacrifice accomplishes what the Levitical system could only symbolize—complete forgiveness and restoration of relationship with God.

Historical Context

Laws concerning various bodily discharges, emphasizing that approaching God's holy presence requires ritual purity. Chapters 11-15 address ritual purity, teaching Israel to distinguish clean from unclean. These laws served multiple purposes: promoting health, teaching spiritual lessons about sin's defilement, and separating Israel from pagan practices. Archaeological evidence shows Canaanite worship involved practices Israel's laws explicitly prohibited. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. The tabernacle's design parallels ancient Near Eastern temple architecture, yet its portable nature and absence of divine images distinguished it from pagan temples.

Questions for Reflection

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