Judges 2:20

Authorized King James Version

And the anger of the LORD was hot against Israel; and he said, Because that this people hath transgressed my covenant which I commanded their fathers, and have not hearkened unto my voice;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּֽחַר
was hot
to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
#2
אַ֥ף
And the anger
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
#3
יְהוָ֖ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#4
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
against Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#5
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר
and he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
יַעַן֩
properly, heed; by implication, purpose (sake or account); used adverbially to indicate the reason or cause
#7
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
עָֽבְר֜וּ
hath transgressed
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#9
הַגּ֣וֹי
Because that this people
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#10
הַזֶּ֗ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#11
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#12
בְּרִיתִי֙
my covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#13
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#14
צִוִּ֣יתִי
which I commanded
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#15
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#16
אֲבוֹתָ֔ם
H1
their fathers
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#17
וְלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#18
שָֽׁמְע֖וּ
and have not hearkened
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#19
לְקוֹלִֽי׃
unto my voice
a voice or sound

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Judges. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of Judges Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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