Judges 14:4

Authorized King James Version

But his father and his mother knew not that it was of the LORD, that he sought an occasion against the Philistines: for at that time the Philistines had dominion over Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאָבִ֨יו
H1
But his father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#2
וְאִמּ֜וֹ
and his mother
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
#3
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#4
יָֽדְע֗וּ
knew
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#5
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#6
מֵֽיְהוָה֙
not that it was of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#7
הִ֔יא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#8
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
תֹאֲנָ֥ה
an occasion
an opportunity or (subjectively) purpose
#10
הֽוּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#11
מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ
that he sought
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
#12
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
against the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#13
וּבָעֵ֣ת
for at that time
time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc
#14
הַהִ֔יא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#15
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים
against the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#16
מֹֽשְׁלִ֥ים
had dominion
to rule
#17
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
over Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

This verse develops the kingdom of God theme central to Judges. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of kingdom of God within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of kingdom of God within the theological tradition of Judges Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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