John 7:23

Authorized King James Version

If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
If
if, whether, that, etc
#2
περιτομὴν
circumcision
circumcision (the rite, the condition or the people, literally or figuratively)
#3
λαμβάνει
receive
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))
#4
ἄνθρωπον
a man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#5
ἐν
on
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#6
σαββάτῳ
the sabbath day
the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,
#7
ἵνα
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#8
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#9
λυθῇ
be broken
to "loosen" (literally or figuratively)
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
νόμος
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#12
Μωσέως,
of Moses
moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver
#13
ἐμοὶ
at me
to me
#14
χολᾶτε
are ye angry
to be bilious, i.e., (by implication) irritable (enraged, "choleric")
#15
ὅτι
because
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#16
ὅλον
every whit
"whole" or "all", i.e., complete (in extent, amount, time or degree), especially (neuter) as noun or adverb
#17
ἄνθρωπον
a man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#18
ὑγιῆ
whole
healthy, i.e., well (in body); figuratively, true (in doctrine)
#19
ἐποίησα
I have made
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#20
ἐν
on
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#21
σαββάτῳ
the sabbath day
the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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