John 6:13

Authorized King James Version

Therefore they gathered them together, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves, which remained over and above unto them that had eaten.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
συνήγαγον
they gathered them together
to lead together, i.e., collect or convene; specially, to entertain (hospitably)
#2
οὖν
Therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#4
ἐγέμισαν
filled
to fill entirely
#5
δώδεκα
twelve
two and ten, i.e., a dozen
#6
κοφίνους
baskets
a (small) basket
#7
κλασμάτων
with the fragments
a piece (bit)
#8
ἐκ
of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#9
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
πέντε
the five
"five"
#11
ἄρτων
loaves
bread (as raised) or a loaf
#12
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
κριθίνων
barley
consisting of barley
#14
which
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#15
ἐπερίσσευσεν
remained over and above
to superabound (in quantity or quality), be in excess, be superfluous; also (transitively) to cause to superabound or excel
#16
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
βεβρωκόσιν
unto them that had eaten
to eat

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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