John 20:18

Authorized King James Version

Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἔρχεται
came
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#2
Μαρία
Mary
maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females
#3
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Μαγδαληνὴ
Magdalene
a female magdalene, i.e., inhabitant of magdala
#5
ἀπαγγέλλουσα
and told
to announce
#6
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
μαθηταῖς
the disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#8
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#9
ἑώρακεν
she had seen
by extension, to attend to; by hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
#10
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
κύριον
the Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#12
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#13
ταῦτα
these things
these things
#14
εἶπεν
that he had spoken
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#15
αὐτῇ
unto her
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics

People

Study Resources