John 2:14

Authorized King James Version

And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
εὗρεν
G2147
found
to find (literally or figuratively)
#3
ἐν
G1722
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#4
τῷ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
ἱερῷ
G2411
the temple
a sacred place, i.e., the entire precincts (whereas g3485 denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the temple (at jerusalem or elsewhere)
#6
τοὺς
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
πωλοῦντας
G4453
those that sold
to barter (as a pedlar), i.e., to sell
#8
βόας
G1016
oxen
an ox (as grazing), i.e., an animal of that species ("beef")
#9
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
πρόβατα
G4263
sheep
something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)
#11
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
περιστερὰς
G4058
doves
a pigeon
#13
καὶ
G2532
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
τοὺς
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
κερματιστὰς
G2773
the changers of money
a handler of coins, i.e., money-broker
#16
καθημένους
G2521
sitting
and ???? (to sit; akin to the base of g1476); to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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