John 1:20

Authorized King James Version

And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ὡμολόγησεν
confessed
to assent, i.e., covenant, acknowledge
#3
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#4
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#5
ἠρνήσατο
denied
to contradict, i.e., disavow, reject, abnegate
#6
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
ὡμολόγησεν
confessed
to assent, i.e., covenant, acknowledge
#8
ὅτι
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#9
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#10
εἰμὶ
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#11
Ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
Χριστός
the Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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