Job 3:20

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul;

Word-by-Word Analysis

לָ֤מָּה

H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

יִתֵּ֣ן

H5414

given

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לְעָמֵ֣ל

H6001

to him that is in misery

toiling; concretely, a laborer; figuratively, sorrowful

א֑וֹר

H216

Wherefore is light

illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)

וְ֝חַיִּ֗ים

H2416

and life

alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin

לְמָ֣רֵי

H4751

unto the bitter

bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

נָֽפֶשׁ׃

H5315

in soul

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

Analysis

Within the broader context of Job, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of life connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about life, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Job.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Job Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes life in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What practical applications emerge from understanding salvation as presented in this verse, particularly in light of addressing questions of religious pluralism and the exclusivity of Christ?
How does this verse's literary context within Job chapter 3 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?