Job 14:1

Authorized King James Version

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Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble.

Original Language Analysis

אָ֭דָם Man H120
אָ֭דָם Man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 1 of 7
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
יְל֣וּד that is born H3205
יְל֣וּד that is born
Strong's: H3205
Word #: 2 of 7
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
אִשָּׁ֑ה of a woman H802
אִשָּׁ֑ה of a woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 3 of 7
a woman
קְצַ֥ר is of few H7116
קְצַ֥ר is of few
Strong's: H7116
Word #: 4 of 7
short (whether in size, number, life, strength or temper)
יָ֝מִ֗ים days H3117
יָ֝מִ֗ים days
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 5 of 7
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
וּֽשְׂבַֽע and full H7649
וּֽשְׂבַֽע and full
Strong's: H7649
Word #: 6 of 7
satiated (in a pleasant or disagreeable sense)
רֹֽגֶז׃ of trouble H7267
רֹֽגֶז׃ of trouble
Strong's: H7267
Word #: 7 of 7
commotion, restlessness (of a horse), crash (of thunder), disquiet, anger

Analysis & Commentary

Job laments: 'Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble.' The phrase 'born of a woman' (yelud ishah, יְלוּד אִשָּׁה) emphasizes human frailty and mortality. 'Few days' (qetsar yamim, קְצַר יָמִים) stresses life's brevity. 'Full of trouble' (seva rogez, שְׂבַע־רֹגֶז) uses rogez (רֹגֶז), meaning turmoil, agitation, or distress. Job's description of human existence as brief and troubled reflects the curse's effects (Genesis 3:16-19). Christ echoes this phrase when calling Himself 'the Son of Man' (bar enash, בַּר אֱנָשׁ), identifying with human frailty.

Historical Context

The patriarchal period saw lifespans of 100-200 years (Job likely lived 200+), yet Job still considers life brief compared to eternity. Ancient Near Eastern literature frequently lamented mortality's brevity and suffering's prevalence. The Epic of Gilgamesh explores similar themes. Job's lament is both universal (all humans face death and trouble) and personal (his suffering intensifies awareness of human frailty).

Questions for Reflection