Isaiah 44:19

Authorized King James Version

And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say, I have burned part of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh, and eaten it: and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? shall I fall down to the stock of a tree?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְלֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#2
יָשִׁ֣יב
And none considereth
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
לִבּ֗וֹ
in his heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#5
וְלֹ֨א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#6
דַ֥עַת
neither is there knowledge
knowledge
#7
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#8
תְבוּנָה֮
nor understanding
intelligence; by implication, an argument; by extension, caprice
#9
לֵאמֹר֒
to say
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
חֶצְי֞וֹ
part
the half or middle
#11
שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי
I have burned
to be (causatively, set) on fire
#12
בְמוֹ
of it in
in, with, by, etc
#13
אֵ֗שׁ
the fire
fire (literally or figuratively)
#14
וְ֠אַף
meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though
#15
אָפִ֤יתִי
yea also I have baked
to cook, especially to bake
#16
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#17
גֶּחָלָיו֙
upon the coals
an ember
#18
לֶ֔חֶם
bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
#19
אֶצְלֶ֥ה
thereof I have roasted
to roast
#20
בָשָׂ֖ר
flesh
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
#21
וְאֹכֵ֑ל
and eaten
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#22
וְיִתְרוֹ֙
the residue
properly, an overhanging, i.e., (by implication) a small rope (as hanging free)
#23
לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה
thereof an abomination
properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e., (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
#24
אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה
it and shall I make
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#25
לְב֥וּל
to the stock
produce (of the earth, etc.)
#26
עֵ֖ץ
of a tree
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#27
אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃
shall I fall down
to prostrate oneself (in homage)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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