Isaiah 30:5

Authorized King James Version

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They were all ashamed of a people that could not profit them, nor be an help nor profit, but a shame, and also a reproach.

Original Language Analysis

כֹּ֣ל H3605
כֹּ֣ל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 1 of 15
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הֹבִ֔אישׁ They were all ashamed H3001
הֹבִ֔אישׁ They were all ashamed
Strong's: H3001
Word #: 2 of 15
to be ashamed, confused or disappointed; also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as herbage)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 3 of 15
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
עַ֖ם of a people H5971
עַ֖ם of a people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 4 of 15
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לֹא H3808
לֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 5 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לְהוֹעִ֔יל nor profit H3276
לְהוֹעִ֔יל nor profit
Strong's: H3276
Word #: 6 of 15
properly, to ascend; figuratively, to be valuable (objectively; useful, subjectively; benefited)
לָ֑מוֹ H0
לָ֑מוֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 7 of 15
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לְעֵ֙זֶר֙ them nor be an help H5828
לְעֵ֙זֶר֙ them nor be an help
Strong's: H5828
Word #: 9 of 15
aid
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 10 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
לְהוֹעִ֔יל nor profit H3276
לְהוֹעִ֔יל nor profit
Strong's: H3276
Word #: 11 of 15
properly, to ascend; figuratively, to be valuable (objectively; useful, subjectively; benefited)
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 12 of 15
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לְבֹ֖שֶׁת but a shame H1322
לְבֹ֖שֶׁת but a shame
Strong's: H1322
Word #: 13 of 15
shame (the feeling and the condition, as well as its cause); by implication (specifically) an idol
וְגַם H1571
וְגַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 14 of 15
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
לְחֶרְפָּֽה׃ and also a reproach H2781
לְחֶרְפָּֽה׃ and also a reproach
Strong's: H2781
Word #: 15 of 15
contumely, disgrace, the pudenda

Analysis & Commentary

They were all ashamed of a people that could not profit them (הֹבִישׁ עַל־עַם לֹא־יוֹעִילוּ לָמוֹ/hovish al-am lo-yo'ilu lamo)—The ambassadors' shame when they discovered Egypt's worthlessness. Hovish (from bosh) means to be ashamed, disappointed, confounded. Lo-yo'ilu means "cannot profit/benefit." Egypt was a people who couldn't help—militarily impotent despite impressive appearances.

Nor be an help nor profit, but a shame, and also a reproach (לֹא־לְעֵזֶר וְלֹא לְהוֹעִיל כִּי לְבֹשֶׁת וְגַם־לְחֶרְפָּה/lo-le'ezer velo leho'il ki levoshet vegam-lecherpaah)—Emphatic repetition: not help (ezer), not profit (ho'il). Instead: shame (boshet) and reproach (cherpah, disgrace). Five negative outcomes contrasted with zero positive ones. The alliance brought only humiliation. Cherpah implies taunting, the disgrace of being mocked by enemies for trusting a failed ally.

Historical Context

When Assyria invaded in 701 BCE, Egypt's promised military aid proved worthless. Sennacherib's Rabshakeh mocked Judah's Egyptian alliance: "Now on whom dost thou trust, that thou rebellest against me? Now, behold, thou trustest upon the staff of this bruised reed, even upon Egypt, on which if a man lean, it will go into his hand, and pierce it: so is Pharaoh king of Egypt unto all that trust on him" (2 Kings 18:20-21). Judah suffered the shame of public mockery for their failed political gambit. This fulfilled Isaiah's prophecy exactly: Egypt brought shame and reproach, not help and profit.

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