Isaiah 20:4

Authorized King James Version

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So shall the king of Assyria lead away the Egyptians prisoners, and the Ethiopians captives, young and old, naked and barefoot, even with their buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.

Original Language Analysis

כֵּ֣ן H3651
כֵּ֣ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 18
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
יִנְהַ֣ג lead away H5090
יִנְהַ֣ג lead away
Strong's: H5090
Word #: 2 of 18
to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh
מֶֽלֶךְ So shall the king H4428
מֶֽלֶךְ So shall the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 3 of 18
a king
אַ֠שּׁוּר of Assyria H804
אַ֠שּׁוּר of Assyria
Strong's: H804
Word #: 4 of 18
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
שְׁבִ֨י prisoners H7628
שְׁבִ֨י prisoners
Strong's: H7628
Word #: 6 of 18
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
מִצְרָֽיִם׃ of Egypt H4714
מִצְרָֽיִם׃ of Egypt
Strong's: H4714
Word #: 7 of 18
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 8 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
גָּל֥וּת captives H1546
גָּל֥וּת captives
Strong's: H1546
Word #: 9 of 18
captivity; concretely, exiles (collectively)
כּ֛וּשׁ and the Ethiopians H3568
כּ֛וּשׁ and the Ethiopians
Strong's: H3568
Word #: 10 of 18
cush (or ethiopia), the name of an israelite
נְעָרִ֥ים young H5288
נְעָרִ֥ים young
Strong's: H5288
Word #: 11 of 18
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
וּזְקֵנִ֖ים and old H2205
וּזְקֵנִ֖ים and old
Strong's: H2205
Word #: 12 of 18
old
עָר֣וֹם naked H6174
עָר֣וֹם naked
Strong's: H6174
Word #: 13 of 18
nude, either partially or totally
וְיָחֵ֑ף and barefoot H3182
וְיָחֵ֑ף and barefoot
Strong's: H3182
Word #: 14 of 18
unsandalled
וַחֲשׂוּפַ֥י uncovered H2834
וַחֲשׂוּפַ֥י uncovered
Strong's: H2834
Word #: 15 of 18
to strip off, i.e., generally to make naked (for exertion or in disgrace), to drain away or bail up (a liquid)
שֵׁ֖ת even with their buttocks H8357
שֵׁ֖ת even with their buttocks
Strong's: H8357
Word #: 16 of 18
the seat (of the person)
עֶרְוַ֥ת to the shame H6172
עֶרְוַ֥ת to the shame
Strong's: H6172
Word #: 17 of 18
nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish)
מִצְרָֽיִם׃ of Egypt H4714
מִצְרָֽיִם׃ of Egypt
Strong's: H4714
Word #: 18 of 18
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

Analysis & Commentary

'So shall the king of Assyria lead away the Egyptians prisoners, and the Ethiopians captives, young and old, naked and barefoot, even with their buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.' The prophecy's fulfillment explained: Assyria will deport Egyptians and Ethiopians exactly as Isaiah depicted—naked, barefoot, buttocks exposed (ultimate humiliation in honor/shame culture). 'Young and old' indicates comprehensive judgment—all ages affected, none spared. This would be 'the shame of Egypt'—proud civilization experiencing total humiliation. The vivid imagery emphasizes judgment's horror—not abstract theological pronouncement but concrete physical suffering. God's warnings are serious; His judgments are real. This should drive hearers to repentance and trust in God rather than false securities. Reformed theology emphasizes both God's love and His wrath—minimizing either produces distorted gospel.

Historical Context

Assyrian records confirm such deportations occurred. Esarhaddon's annals (7th century BCE) describe conquering Egypt: 'I tore up the root of Kush...I brought back to Assyria, the people, young and old, male and female.' Ashurbanipal's records describe similar campaigns with graphic details matching prophetic descriptions. Palace reliefs show exactly what Isaiah depicted—naked bound captives being led away. This archaeological confirmation validates the prophecy's accuracy. The comprehensive nature (young and old) was fulfilled—entire populations deported, not just soldiers. This demonstrated that alliances with Egypt provided no security; only trusting God protected Judah. The historical validation served multiple purposes: warning future generations, demonstrating prophetic reliability, and revealing God's sovereign control over history.

Questions for Reflection

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