Haggai 2:12

Authorized King James Version

If one bear holy flesh in the skirt of his garment, and with his skirt do touch bread, or pottage, or wine, or oil, or any meat, shall it be holy? And the priests answered and said, No.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הֵ֣ן׀
lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
#2
יִשָּׂא
bear
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#3
אִ֨ישׁ
If one
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#4
בְּשַׂר
flesh
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
#5
קֹ֜דֶשׁ
holy
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
#6
בִּ֠כְנָפוֹ
and with his skirt
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
#7
בִּגְד֗וֹ
of his garment
a covering, i.e., clothing
#8
וְנָגַ֣ע
do touch
properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive
#9
בִּ֠כְנָפוֹ
and with his skirt
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
#10
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#11
הַלֶּ֨חֶם
bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
#12
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#13
הַנָּזִ֜יד
or pottage
something boiled, i.e., soup
#14
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#15
הַיַּ֧יִן
or wine
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
#16
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#17
שֶׁ֛מֶן
or oil
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
#18
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#19
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#20
מַאֲכָ֖ל
or any meat
an eatable (including provender, flesh and fruit)
#21
הֲיִקְדָּ֑שׁ
shall it be holy
to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
#22
וַיַּעֲנ֧וּ
answered
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
#23
הַכֹּהֲנִ֛ים
And the priests
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#24
וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ
and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#25
לֹֽא׃
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection