Genesis 49:33

Authorized King James Version

And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְכַ֤ל
had made an end
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
#2
יַֽעֲקֹב֙
And when Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#3
לְצַוֹּ֣ת
of commanding
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
בָּנָ֔יו
his sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#6
וַיֵּאָ֥סֶף
and was gathered
to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
#7
רַגְלָ֖יו
his feet
a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda
#8
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#9
הַמִּטָּ֑ה
into the bed
a bed (as extended) for sleeping or eating; by analogy, a sofa, litter or bier
#10
וַיִּגְוַ֖ע
and yielded up the ghost
to breathe out, i.e., (by implication) expire
#11
וַיֵּאָ֥סֶף
and was gathered
to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
#12
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#13
עַמָּֽיו׃
unto his people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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