Genesis 35:18

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass, as her soul was in departing, (for she died) that she called his name Ben-oni: but his father called him Benjamin.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֞י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
בְּצֵ֤את
was in departing
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#3
נַפְשָׁהּ֙
And it came to pass as her soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#4
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#5
מֵ֔תָה
for she died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#6
קָֽרָא
called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#7
שְׁמ֖וֹ
his name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#8
בֶּן
H0
#9
אוֹנִ֑י
Benoni
ben-oni, the original name of benjamin
#10
וְאָבִ֖יו
H1
but his father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#11
קָֽרָא
called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#12
ל֥וֹ
H0
#13
בִנְיָמִֽין׃
him Benjamin
binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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