Genesis 32:22

Authorized King James Version

And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיָּ֣קָם׀
And he rose up
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#2
בַּלַּ֣יְלָה
that night
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
#3
ה֗וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#4
וַיִּקַּ֞ח
and took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
שְׁתֵּ֣י
and his two
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#7
נָשָׁיו֙
wives
a woman
#8
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
שְׁתֵּ֣י
and his two
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#10
שִׁפְחֹתָ֔יו
womenservants
a female slave (as a member of the household)
#11
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#12
אַחַ֥ד
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#13
עָשָׂ֖ר
and his eleven
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
#14
יְלָדָ֑יו
sons
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#15
וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔ר
and passed over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#16
אֵ֖ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#17
מַֽעֲבַ֥ר
the ford
a crossing-place (of a river, a ford; of a mountain, a pass); abstractly, a transit, i.e., (figuratively) overwhelming
#18
יַבֹּֽק׃
Jabbok
jabbok, a river east of the jordan

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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